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The role of a forensic chemist in the context of medicolegal death investigations primarily involves the identification of toxins or drugs present in body fluids. Forensic chemists utilize various analytical techniques, such as chromatography and mass spectrometry, to detect and quantify substances that may have contributed to a person's death. This information is crucial for understanding the cause of death, particularly in cases of overdose, poisoning, or complications related to drug use. By identifying these substances, forensic chemists can also provide valuable insights into the circumstances surrounding a death, which can aid law enforcement and legal processes.

In the context of the other roles mentioned, analyzing physical trauma evidence is typically the responsibility of forensic pathologists or other medical professionals who focus on injuries and their implications. Studying the impact of environmental factors on the body usually falls under the domain of forensic scientists or ecologists who look at how factors such as temperature or exposure may affect decomposition or injury. Performing autopsies is a task conducted primarily by forensic pathologists, who specialize in examining bodies to determine the cause of death through a detailed examination of physical conditions and diseases.